Explore the fundamental components of digital electronics. Learn about the most common series: 7408 (AND), 7432 (OR), 7404 (NOT), 7400 (NAND) and 7486 (XOR).
The 7408 integrated circuit is a 2-input AND logic gate. Check its datasheet for technical details. For the output to be high (1), both inputs must be high (1), as shown in its truth table.
2 inputs and 1 output
Output = A AND BControl systems, Arithmetic circuits...
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ||
| 1 | ||
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
The 7432 integrated circuit is a 2-input OR logic gate. The output will be high (1) if at least one input is high (1), check its truth table. The datasheet contains more information.
2 inputs and 1 output
Output = A OR BDetection systems, Selection circuits
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
The 7404 integrated circuit is a NOT logic gate (inverter). It has 1 input and 1 output, inverting the signal. Check its truth table and datasheet for specifications.
1 input and 1 output
Output = NOT ASignal inversion, Oscillators
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ||
| 1 |
The 7400 integrated circuit is a 2-input NAND gate (AND + NOT). The output is low (0) only if both inputs are high (1), as indicated in its truth table. Check the datasheet for more details.
2 inputs and 1 output
Output = NOT (A AND B)Memory circuits (Flip-flops), Universal logic gate
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ||
| 1 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 |
The 7486 integrated circuit is a 2-input XOR (exclusive OR) logic gate. The output is high (1) only if the inputs are different. Useful in parity circuits and adders.
2 inputs and 1 output
Output = A XOR BParity circuits, Binary adders...
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 |
The 7402 integrated circuit is a 2-input NOR logic gate (OR + NOT). The output is high (1) only if both inputs are low (0). It is a universal gate like NAND.
2 inputs and 1 output
Output = NOT (A OR B)Flip-flops, Universal logic gate...
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ||
| 1 | ||
| 1 | ||
| 1 | 1 |
The 74266 integrated circuit is a 2-input XNOR (exclusive NOR) logic gate. The output is high (1) when the inputs are equal. It is the opposite of XOR.
2 inputs and 1 output
Output = NOT (A XOR B)Comparators, Equality detectors...
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ||
| 1 | ||
| 1 | ||
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
The 7407 integrated circuit is an open-collector buffer/driver. It amplifies current without changing signal logic. Useful for driving heavy loads or interfaces.
1 input and 1 output
Output = A (amplified)LED drivers, Relay interfaces...
| Input A | Input B | Output |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |
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Logic gates are electronic devices that perform basic logical operations based on Boolean algebra. They operate with binary signals (0 and 1, low and high voltage) and are the essential building blocks of all digital systems.
An active low pin must be connected to a low logic level (0 volts) to activate, while an active high pin must be connected to a high logic level (3 or 5 volts).
They are implemented in ICs such as those from the TTL or CMOS family, to save space and increase efficiency.
Control systems
Detection systems
Signal inversion
Memory circuits (Flip-flops)
Parity circuits